我国家庭信贷状况研究：基于CHFS微观数据的分析

文章利用中国家庭金融调查2013年发布的调查数据,分别构建非参数次序probit模型和Heckman模型检验了影响城乡家庭信贷约束状况和贷款可得性的相关因素。结果表明,户主受教育程度和家庭收入水平提高、家庭资产规模增加等都能缓解家庭的信贷约束,户主的党员身份、大学以上的受教育程度以及家庭资产规模等能提高家庭的贷款可得性,户主年龄、风险偏好等变量对家庭信贷规模的边际效应显著为负,而尽管城市家庭和东部地区家庭获得的贷款支持更多,但是城市家庭和东部地区家庭还是面临着更大信贷约束。     

国际农产品贸易中技术性贸易壁垒的现状与趋势

以食品安全为核心的农产品技术法规与标准要求越来越严格,正以一种超乎关税壁垒的力量,阻挡着弱势企业进入国际市场。为此,既要知其原由,又要了解国际农产品贸易中技术壁垒产生的背景、主要表现形式、现状与发展趋势。     

Variations in farm consumption and their relationship to income: an empirical investigation of Illinois farm households

Empirical tests of household consumption have yielded mixed results regarding the validity of the life cycle/permanent income (LCPI) hypothesis. A significant problem with such studies is the difficulty in finding sufficient micro-level data on household expenditures. By using the recent rich quantity of such data in the Farm Business Farm Management (FBFM) data for Illinois farms from 1995 to 2009, the study reported here for farm households should provide more consistent results regarding the LCPI hypothesis. Applying an empirical model based on the LCPI hypothesis, this article identifies the determinants of farm consumption and the relationship to income. This study provides evidence that current income changes are not significant in explaining the consumption changes of farm households, thus supporting the LCPI hypothesis for farm households.     

Cross-border commuting and consuming: an empirical investigation

This article contributes to our understanding of cross-border activity in general and the determinants of cross-border trade in particular by focusing on the part of cross-border sales that arise due to work-related cross-border crossings of households. We analyse empirically how cross-border consumption expenditures vary across product and services categories as well as household characteristics using representative household survey data of cross-border commuters to Luxembourg. In total, these households spend an estimated 17% of their gross annual income across the border, contributing about 10% to the total household final consumption expenditure (HFCE) in Luxembourg. Cross-border expenditure is linked to individual- and household-related characteristics and to distance between home and work. Cross-border commuters systematically exploit arbitrage opportunities that arise because of existing price level (index) differences between the country of work and the country of residence.     

关于山西省城镇居民家庭理财投资状况的调查分析

对山西省城镇居民家庭理财投资状况进行调查分析。山西省居民家庭理财投资存在的问题：山西省城镇居民家庭理财投资过分依赖储蓄;理财投资观念不科学;获取理财知识的途径不规范;理财投资风险倾向性偏向于保守;理财投资缺乏科学的规划。建议：合理使用各种理财工具;树立正确的理财观念;建立健全理财专业知识的普及渠道;树立正确认识风险和防范风险的意识;制定科学合理的理财投资规划。     

BARGAINING AMONG FARMERS,GOODWILL, AND THE SUCCESS OF COOPERATIVES

A model of concessional bargaining among farmers explains the success (or lack thereof) of cooperative institutions in rural farm settings in the developing regions. Concessional bargaining in day‐to‐day interactions generates goodwill, which helps smoothen future dealings amongst farmers as well as with outside agents. In particular, we model the existence of goodwill amongst farmers as enhancing their ability to collectively bargain with an outside dealer that buys their farm produce. Results suggest that when dealing with each other, farmers offer higher concessions when the risk of loss or reversal in bargaining power is high; however, the level of concession is also influenced by the degree of reciprocity and parameters that affect bargaining surplus. Findings provide further insights over the success of cooperative institutions in rural farm settings where inter‐farmer goodwill dynamics determines the cooperative's bargaining outcomes. Specifically, when farmers generously reciprocate each other's goodwill gestures, it leads to better outcomes through increasing their cooperative reservation price. In contrast, when the degree of reciprocity is lower, or when the risk of bargaining power switching is higher, farmers extract more surplus from other farmers, and this also lowers the cooperative's bargaining outcomes and makes the cooperative arrangement unviable in the long term.     

Considering the efficacy of value-added tax zero-rating as pro-poor policy: The case of South Africa

The use of value-added tax (VAT) zero-rating has become widely accepted internationally to mitigate the regressivity of the tax. From an economic perspective, it remains contestable whether VAT zero-rating is the most cost-effective way of targeting the poor. This article addresses some topical issues on VAT zero-rating in South Africa. We first ask whether (conceptually) zero-rating should be a consideration within the context of tax theory literature, and then quantify the impact on the poor if zero-rating was to be removed, as well as the tax revenue implications thereof. We compare the cost of VAT zero-rating with the benefit, using data sourced from the Income and Expenditure Survey 2010/11 and the Estimates of National Expenditure. Our findings show that VAT zero-rating (compared with existing social transfer programmes) is not cost-effective when targeting the poor.     

大城市郊区农户农地流转意愿及影响因素——基于对上海郊区实地考察的研究

本文从大城市郊区的地理空间、经济空间、社会空间的特殊性出发,基于上海郊区210户农户的调研数据,实证分析了上海郊区土地流转现状、衣户对土地的认知情况及农户在土地流转中的意愿,从微观层次描述农户参与农地流转的意愿、动机、目的以及所动用的工具和手段,探讨了城市化框架体系下农村土地流转中的农户意愿及行为决策。     

供应链视角下“农家乐”服务品质提升探讨

当前,我国"农家乐"发展存在的诸多局限性与没有完全摆脱"大而全"、追求"纵向一体化"的经营模式有一定关系,通过"横向一体化"构建产品供应链成为突破"农家乐"发展瓶颈的明智选择。以"农家乐"产品特征为基础,构建"农家乐"产品的供应链,分析其基本特征,从优化资源配置、实现专业分工等提高"农家乐"供应链运作效益角度,提出"农家乐"服务品质提升的途径以及相关的保障机制。     

新时期农村流通体系的构建模式

目前,我国农村流通体系已初步呈现出“双向流通”、“循环流通”、“现代流通”和“一网多用”的特点,为此,新时期农村流通体系的构建应包括以“批发市场”和“农家店”为载体的城乡双向流通体系,以“大型农产品批发市场”为主、“农超对接”为辅的“农产品进城”体系,以农家店、集贸市场、超市为主的农村终端零售网络和以“回收拆解企业”、“二手市场”和“以旧换新”为主的农村再生资源回收体系。目前应采取的措施主要是推进“一网多用”、加快大型农产品批发市场建设、发展农村“二手市场”。